Lubricating Oils and Greases
Lubricating Oils and Greases
| Lubricating Oils and Greases | |
| * | Servo Motor Oil Pvt. Ltd. Is an ISO 9001-2008 certified Company. The certification is provided by the famous Italian firm Bureau Veritas. |
| * | In 2014, Servo Motor Oil Pvt. Ltd. And Petroeco of Poland became technical partners and Servo has started manufacturing Greases and Brake Oils with the technical help of Petroeco. |
| * | At Servo Motor Oil we buy Base Oils from the National Refinery Ltd. Karachi, for formulations where group II base oils are required we import them from Singapore, and we buy our Additives from world-renowned additives manufacturers like Lubrizol and Infinium of the USA |
| Following are the names of international organizations that govern the standards that are followed by lubricants and grease manufacturers all over the world: | |
| SAE: | |
| Society of Automotive Engineers – Establishes standards for the physical properties of lubricants | |
| API: | |
| American Petroleum Institute – Establishes standards for the chemical properties of lubricants | |
| NLGI: | |
| National Lubricating Grease Institute – Establishes standards for the physical properties of greases | |
| Servo Motor Oil Pvt. Ltd. Is the only Pakistani Grease manufacturer that is a member of NLGI (visit www.nlgi.com) | |
| ASTM:- American Standards for Testing Materials – Establishes procedures for tests that verify SAE, API and NLGI standards. | |
| Note: | |
| Oils | |
| The main purpose of lubricants is to lubricate moving parts of the vehicle, to reduce friction and wear and tear by providing smooth, trouble-free performance for an increased length of time. | |
| A lubricant is a blend of base oils and performance-enhancing additives as required by the engine, gearbox and other application areas. At the refinery, the crude oil is refined into gasoline, diesel, kerosene, LPG, naphtha and base stocks (Lube Base Oils). This base stock is further processed, blended and strengthened with the required properties to make different kinds of lubricants. | |
| Of all the lubricants, engine oil is the most important. Lubricants for gasoline and diesel engines are different as the load, cycles and fuels are different. | |
| The oil in an engine does more than just reduce friction between its moving parts. It also helps to: | |
| (i) | Seal the high-pressure combustion gases inside the cylinders |
| (ii) | To impede the corrosion of metal parts |
| (iii) | To absorb some of the harmful by-products of combustion |
| (iv) | And to transfer heat from one part of the engine to another |
| Combustion of rich air-fuel mixture during starting, idling and warm-up forms deposits, These deposits, in the form of varnish, sludge, soot and carbon, interfere with proper engine operation. | |
| The engine oil keeps all the deposit-forming materials in suspension and gets rid of them by oil filter, or draining out at proper intervals. | |
| Petrol Engine Oil | |
| Engine oil is stored in the oil pan or sump at the bottom of the engine. A pump forces the oil through a filter and then through a series of passages and galleries to lubricate the engine’s moving parts. The flow of oil also cools these parts. Rapidly moving engine parts actually float on a thin film of oil and never make contact with one another. This is called hydrodynamic lubrication and usually begins when an engine reaches idle speed. Most engine wear occurs when a cold engine is first started before the oil reaches its normal operating pressure and flow. | |
| Diesel Engine Oil | |
| The main function of lubricant for diesel engines is the same as mentioned for petrol engines. As the load in a diesel engine is much higher it should have adequate anti-wear properties. Diesel fuel contains a high level of Sulphur which burns to form oxides of sulphur , which in turn in the presence of water, form sulphur acids resulting in high corrosion of engine parts. Hence the need of alkalinity reserve in the oil, is represented by its TBN or Total Base Number. Generally, the higher TBN value more the alkalinity reserve or acid-neutralizing capacity the oil contains. | |
| Motorcycle Engine Oil | |
| The main function of lubricant for motorcycle engines is the same as mentioned for petrol engines. Since the motorcycle is designed differently i.e. in a motorcycle its engine and gearbox are operating in the same enclosed case where as in other vehicles the engine and the gearbox function separately. So the motorcycle oil works as an engine oil and as a gear-box oil. To give this oil the added property of a gear oil the Extreme Pressure (EP) additive is added so that it can lubricate the gearbox as well as the engine of the motorcycle. | |
| Gear Oil | |
| (i) | Gear Oil is a lubricant made specifically for Transmissions, Transfer Cases and Differentials in automobiles, trucks, tractors and other machinery. It is of a higher viscosity to better protect the gears and usually is associated with a strong sulfur smell. This smell is present due to the addition of EP (extreme pressure) additives in Gear Oil. |
| (ii) | Gear Oil is kept very viscous to ensure transfer of the lubricant throughout the gear train. This is necessary since the devices needing this heavy oil do not have pumps for transferring the oil. So the gear system is designed in a way that a portion of the lowermost gears stay bathed in an oil sump. |
| Hydraulic Oil | |
| Hydraulic Oils/fluids/liquids are the medium by which power is transferred in hydraulic machinery. The ideal hydraulic fluid will have zero compressibility. | |
| Brake Oil | |
| Brake Oil is also a type of Hydraulic Oil but since a very high boiling point is required for the brake systems to function properly, instead of mineral oils a mixture of glycols and either are used instead to make brake oil. | |
| Metal Cutting Oil | |
| (i) | Cutting Oil is a type of coolant and lubricant designed specifically for metalworking and machining processes. Of the various types manufactured around the world, Servo Motor Oil manufactures Oil-Water emulsion-type cutting oils. |
| (ii) | These Oils are very useful for Turning, Milling, Boring, Drilling, Grinding and all other machining operations where water emulsion oils are recommended. |
| Additives- what they do | |
| Plain mineral oils cannot provide all the necessary functional properties that an engine requires. These plain mineral oils need fortification with chemicals/additives which when used in small quantities, import or enhance the desirable functional properties. Some of the types of additives and reasons for their use are as follows: | |
| Dispersants: | |
| These additives keep sludge, carbon and other deposit precursors suspended in oil. | |
| Detergents: | |
| These additives keep the engine parts clean from deposits. | |
| Rust/Corrosion Inhibitors: | |
| These additives prevent or control oxidation of oil, formation of varnish, sludge and corrosive compounds, limit viscosity increase (i.e. thickening of oil). | |
| Extreme Pressure (EP), Anti-wear and friction modifiers: | |
| These additives form a protective film on the engine parts and reduce wear and tear. Their most important function is to protect the gears of a system. | |
| Metal deactivators: | |
| These additives form surface films so that the metal surface does not catalyze oil oxidation. | |
| Pour Point Depressants: | |
| These additives lower the freezing point of oils assuring free flow at lower temperatures. | |
| Anti-formats: | |
| These additives reduce the formation of foam in the crankcase and in the blending of Kettles. | |
| Tackifiers: | |
| These additives chemically bond with the metal parts and form a thin protective layer on the moving parts’ surface. | |
| Viscosity Improvers: | |
| These additives are added to base stocks to make them more viscous. | |
| Viscosity Index Improvers: | |
| These additives are unique polymeric molecules that are sensitive to temperature. At low temperatures, the molecule chain contracts and does not impact the oil viscosity but at high temperatures, the chain relaxes and an increase in the viscosity of oil occurs. | |
| Servo Motor Oil currently manufactures the following API (American Petroleum Institute), SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) and NLGI (National Lubricating Grease Institute) grades for: | |
| Motorcycle Oils: | |
| API : SC – SAE : 30/40 | |
| API : SF – SAE : 20W-50 | |
| API : SF – SAE : 20W-50 semi-synthetic | |
| API : SM – SAE : 20W-50 | |
| Car Oils: | |
| API : SB – SAE : 40 | |
| API : SC – SAE : 50 | |
| API : SF – SAE : 20W-50 | |
| API : SF – SAE : 20W-50 semi-synthetic | |
| API : SM – SAE : 20W-50 | |
| Diesel Engine Oils: | |
| API : CB – SAE : 50 | |
| API : CB – SAE : 60 | |
| API : CC – SAE : 50 | |
| API : CD – SAE : 50 | |
| API : CE – SAE : 50 | |
| API : CF – SAE : 20W-50 | |
| API : CF4 – SAE : 20W-50 semi-synthetic | |
| Gear Oils: | |
| API : GL4 – SAE : 140 | |
| API : GL4 – SAE : 140 semi-synthetic | |
| Hydraulic Oils: | |
| ISO – HM68 | |
| Note: | ISO standard 6743-4:1999 classify hydraulic oils as follows: |
| HH – mineral oil base fluids with no additives added | |
| HL – mineral oil base fluids with oxidation and rust inhibitors added | |
| HM – HL class but improved by adding anti-wear additives | |
| Brake Oils: | |
| DOT-3 | |
| DOT = Department Of Transportation USA | |
| Metal Cutting Oils: | |
| CoolCut-100 | |
| Greases: | |
| Lithium Base Multi-Purpose Greases – NLGI 3 | |
| Calcium Base Multi-Purpose Greases – NLGI 3 | |
| Polly-Urea Base Multi-Purpose Greases – NLGI 3 | |
| Clay Base Multi-Purpose Non-Drop Greases – NLGI 3 for High-Temperature applications | |
| Expanded Silica Base Multi-Purpose Non-Drop Greases – NLGI 3 for High Temperature and demanding applications | |
| A special blend we call PPG (process plant grease) it works very effectively on slow-moving rollers bearing very heavy loads. | |
| Note: | Since we are a complete blending and packing house of lubricants, we can produce all grades of Diesel Engine Oils, Petrol Engine Oils, Gear Oils, Hydraulic Oils, ATF (Automatic Transmission Fluids), Power Steering Oils, Brake Oils, Coolants and all types of Greases. |
| * | Our Packing range for lubricants is 700ml to 205-litre drums. We can ship lorry loads at our customer’s request. |
| * | Our Packing range for greases is 180gm, 500gm, 1Kg, 3Kg, and 180Kg drums. Also, we can manufacture all NLGI grades of all types of greases we manufacture. |