Vital to the structure of living things is the way carbon atoms tend to bond together to form a “backbone” or “skeleton” to produce hydrocarbon chains (also rings) as here illustrated by a selected number of the fully hydrogen-saturated “alkanes”. The boiling point increases with the lengthening of the carbon chain. Unless kept under pressure…
Modern motorcycles usually have the same oil lubricating the engine and the wet clutch. For this purpose most of the time the regular friction-modified engine oils are not good enough. To make sure that the right oil is used motorcycle manufacturers usually require the oil to meet one of the JASO standards explained below. The…
hat does ACEA mean? ACEA is the abbreviation for association des constructors Europeans Automobiles (Union of European car manufacturers). This committee has developed new classifications for the application of engine oils in gasoline, passenger cars diesel and heavy-duty diesel engines. (ACEA European Oil Sequences for Service Fill Oils). Why new classifications? While revising the former…
A hydraulic liquid that is needed to transmit energy in hydraulic systems. Requirement for hydraulic liquids – especially in construction machinery. Good lubrication properties high resistance to aging High wetting capacity and adhesive power High flashpoint Low pour point (lowest temperature at which oil is still liquid; e.g. -5 degree Celsius) Must not affect gaskets…
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia The viscosity index (VI) is an arbitrary measure for the change of viscosity with variations in temperature. The lower the VI, the greater the change of viscosity of the oil with temperature and vice versa. It is used to characterize viscosity changes in relation to temperature in lubricating oil. The…
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Gear oil is a lubricant made specifically for transmissions, transfer cases, and differentials in automobiles, trucks, and other machinery. It is of a higher viscosity to better protect the gears and usually is associated with a strong sulphur smell. The high viscosity ensures the transfer of lubricant throughout the gear…
PSI Specifications (343.1981) Pakistan Standards Institute Lubricating Oil for Internal Combustion Engines Characteristics of the products Method Followed by PSI PSI Specifications (343.1981) Pakistan Standards Institute S.N SAE Grade SAE Grade SAE Grade SAE Grade SAE Grade SAE Grade Multi-Grade Multi-Grade Multi-Grade 10W 20W 20 30 40 50 10W-30 20W-40 20W-50 1 Flash Point COC,…
Viscosity Conversion Chart for commonly used Commercial & Industrial Lubricant Viscosity Ratings Kinematic Viscosity Centistokes at 40C (104F) Saybolt Viscosity (SUS) at 40C (104F) Aprox. S.No. ISO Viscosity Grade AGMA Grade No.Aprox. SAE Viscosity No.Aprox. SAE Lube No.Aprox. 1 22 – – – 22 105 2 32 – 10W 75W 32 150 3 46 1…
National refinery data sheet Lube Base Oil Specifications Acid No. mg KOH/g of Lube ASTM D-974 Max. Viscosity Index = VI Min. Notes – Market Names Pour Point CD-97 Max. Flash Point C COC D-92 Min. Conradson Carbon wt . % D-189 Max. Color ASTM D-1500 Max. Aged for 24 Hrs. at 100C-Color ASTM D-1500Max….
In 1990 API established a base oil classification system to help marketers minimize re-testing costs when blending licensed engine oils with base oils from different manufacturing sources. The system uses physical and chemical parameters to divide all base stocks into 5 groups as listed below: API – Classification of Base Oils Group Saturate wt %…
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